Adamhuan's Data Center - 【逻辑驱动数据】
数据玩物、代码屋、1/0游戏：（零和博弈）/ 禅宗意志 / 规则战争 / 解放数据力量 / 技术的飞速发展并没有改变这个世界，因为，这个世界从没有变，它只是越来越趋近于它本来的模样。
在虚拟化的环境中，如果要给磁盘扩容，可以按照下面的步骤：
1. 虚拟机，磁盘扩容
2. MS WINDOWS：磁盘管理
3. 联机 –> 动态盘
4. 目标卷 –> 扩容
————————————
Done。[……]
Adamhuan
先看看我的环境：
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[root@cloudera ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 28G 7.0G 20G 27% / devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 88K 1.9G 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.9G 8.9M 1.9G 1% /run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 509M 164M 346M 33% /boot tmpfs 378M 20K 378M 1% /run/user/0 /dev/sdb1 2.0G 6.0M 1.8G 1% /mount_point/1 /dev/sdb2 991M 2.6M 922M 1% /mount_point/2 [root@cloudera ~]# [root@cloudera ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes, 6291456 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0xbb5c389b Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 4196352 6291455 1047552 83 Linux [root@cloudera ~]# |
可以看到：/dev/sdb2，是直接挂载起来的，该分区没有做成逻辑卷。
需求：对/dev/sdb2扩容，但不能破坏其中的数据。
看看其中的数据：
[crayon-63e2779b63ab05657[……]
首先，在线识别新增的磁盘设备：
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[root@mysql1 ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 19.5G 0 part ├─centos_rhel7-swap 253:0 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─centos_rhel7-root 253:1 0 17.5G 0 lvm / sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# cat /proc/scsi/scsi Attached devices: Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02 Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: NECVMWar Model: VMware IDE CDR10 Rev: 1.00 Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 05 [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# echo "scsi add-single-device 0 0 1 0" > /proc/scsi/scsi [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# cat /proc/scsi/scsi Attached devices: Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02 Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: NECVMWar Model: VMware IDE CDR10 Rev: 1.00 Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 05 Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 01 Lun: 00 Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02 [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# echo "scsi add-single-device 0 0 2 0" > /proc/scsi/scsi [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# cat /proc/scsi/scsi Attached devices: Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02 Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: NECVMWar Model: VMware IDE CDR10 Rev: 1.00 Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 05 Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 01 Lun: 00 Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02 Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 02 Lun: 00 Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02 [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 19.5G 0 part ├─centos_rhel7-swap 253:0 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─centos_rhel7-root 253:1 0 17.5G 0 lvm / sdb 8:16 0 1G 0 disk sdc 8:32 0 1G 0 disk sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom [root@mysql1 ~]# |
LVM:创建
PV
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[root@mysql1 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# pvs -o +devices PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree Devices /dev/sda2 centos_rhel7 lvm2 a-- 19.51g 40.00m /dev/sda2(0) /dev/sda2 centos_rhel7 lvm2 a-- 19.51g 40.00m /dev/sda2(512) /dev/sda2 centos_rhel7 lvm2 a-- 19.51g 40.00m [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# pvs -o +devices PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree Devices /dev/sda2 centos_rhel7 lvm2 a-- 19.51g 40.00m /dev/sda2(0) /dev/sda2 centos_rhel7 lvm2 a-- 19.51g 40.00m /dev/sda2(512) /dev/sda2 centos_rhel7 lvm2 a-- 19.51g 40.00m /dev/sdb lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# pvs /dev/sdb PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sdb lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# pvdisplay /dev/sdb "/dev/sdb" is a new physical volume of "1.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb VG Name PV Size 1.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID Dmfafi-AHQA-m0dZ-1XpB-rzFF-22LO-xjzD5R [root@mysql1 ~]# |
VG
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[root@mysql1 ~]# vgs -o +devices VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree Devices centos_rhel7 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 40.00m /dev/sda2(0) centos_rhel7 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 40.00m /dev/sda2(512) [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# vgcreate vg_mine /dev/sdb Volume group "vg_mine" successfully created [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# vgs -o +devices VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree Devices centos_rhel7 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 40.00m /dev/sda2(0) centos_rhel7 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 40.00m /dev/sda2(512) [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree centos_rhel7 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 40.00m vg_mine 1 0 0 wz--n- 1020.00m 1020.00m [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# vgs vg_mine VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree vg_mine 1 0 0 wz--n- 1020.00m 1020.00m [root@mysql1 ~]# [root@mysql1 ~]# vgdisplay vg_mine --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_mine System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 1020.00 MiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 255 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 255 / 1020.00 MiB VG UUID 6LB08r-YPrT-dUtS-Q72g-4ZMZ-MDHK-VmaBns [root@mysql1 ~]# |
LV
[c[……]
Adamhuan
这部分内容在之前的文章里写到过，不过当时的环境，一个磁盘上面只有一个卷分区，这里设置一个磁盘上有两个卷的情况，看看如何只扩容其中一个卷。
环境的准备：
我给我的MS Windows挂载了一个5G的磁盘，我需要将它划分为两个卷
开始的时候，这个磁盘会是脱机的状态，如下：
然后，[……]
Adamhuan
迁移，是LVM的特性之一。通过该特性，我们可以不需要关机，而将数据从旧的磁盘移动到新的磁盘。
首先，准备实验数据：
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[root@mysql-1 ~]# fdisk -l | grep --color "Disk /dev" Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes Disk /dev/sdb: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_mysql1-lv_root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_mysql1-lv_swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes [root@mysql-1 ~]# 将【/dev/sdb】做成逻辑卷： 【创建PV】 [root@mysql-1 ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda2 vg_mysql1 lvm2 a--u 19.51g 0 [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda2 vg_mysql1 lvm2 a--u 19.51g 0 /dev/sdb lvm2 ---- 3.00g 3.00g [root@mysql-1 ~]# 【创建VG】 [root@mysql-1 ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree vg_mysql1 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 0 [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# vgcreate data_lvm /dev/sdb Volume group "data_lvm" successfully created [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree data_lvm 1 0 0 wz--n- 3.00g 3.00g vg_mysql1 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 0 [root@mysql-1 ~]# 【创建LV】 [root@mysql-1 ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert lv_root vg_mysql1 -wi-ao---- 17.51g lv_swap vg_mysql1 -wi-ao---- 2.00g [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# vgdisplay data_lvm --- Volume group --- VG Name data_lvm System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 3.00 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 767 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 767 / 3.00 GiB VG UUID FOkM7p-Noo3-CQGb-Oziw-mZW0-dhdS-cb8s8k [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# lvcreate -L 2.9G -n lv_data_lvm data_lvm Rounding up size to full physical extent 2.90 GiB Logical volume "lv_data_lvm" created. [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert lv_data_lvm data_lvm -wi-a----- 2.90g lv_root vg_mysql1 -wi-ao---- 17.51g lv_swap vg_mysql1 -wi-ao---- 2.00g [root@mysql-1 ~]# 【格式化文件系统】 [root@mysql-1 ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/data_lvm/lv_data_lvm mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 190464 inodes, 760832 blocks 38041 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=780140544 24 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 7936 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [root@mysql-1 ~]# 【创建挂载点，并挂载】 [root@mysql-1 ~]# mkdir /lvm_me [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_mysql1-lv_root 18G 4.3G 12G 27% / tmpfs 932M 72K 932M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 477M 40M 412M 9% /boot [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# mount /dev/data_lvm/lv_data_lvm /lvm_me/ [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_mysql1-lv_root 18G 4.3G 12G 27% / tmpfs 932M 72K 932M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 477M 40M 412M 9% /boot /dev/mapper/data_lvm-lv_data_lvm 2.9G 69M 2.7G 3% /lvm_me [root@mysql-1 ~]# 【向LVM的挂载点中添加测试数据】 [root@mysql-1 ~]# ls -ltr /software total 190052 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3888444 Aug 23 01:00 MySQL-devel-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18302217 Aug 23 01:00 MySQL-client-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 52325627 Aug 23 01:00 MySQL-server-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 69533814 Aug 23 01:00 MySQL-embedded-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2095112 Aug 23 01:00 MySQL-shared-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5199241 Aug 23 01:00 MySQL-shared-compat-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 43010559 Aug 23 01:00 MySQL-test-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 236364 Aug 26 06:21 ext3grep-0.10.2.tar.gz drwxr-xr-x 3 1000 1000 4096 Aug 26 06:45 ext3grep-0.10.2 [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# cp -rf /software/* /lvm_me/ [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# ls -ltr /lvm_me/ total 190292 drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Aug 30 23:47 lost+found -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 236364 Aug 30 23:50 ext3grep-0.10.2.tar.gz drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 30 23:50 ext3grep-0.10.2 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3888444 Aug 30 23:50 MySQL-devel-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18302217 Aug 30 23:50 MySQL-client-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 69533814 Aug 30 23:50 MySQL-embedded-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5199241 Aug 30 23:50 MySQL-shared-compat-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2095112 Aug 30 23:50 MySQL-shared-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 52325627 Aug 30 23:50 MySQL-server-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 43010559 Aug 30 23:50 MySQL-test-5.5.37-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm [root@mysql-1 ~]# [root@mysql-1 ~]# du -sh /lvm_me/ 227M /lvm_me/ [root@mysql-1 ~]# |
这样，测试数据就准备好了。
如上所示，当前我的LVM环境是这样的：
1. /dev/sdb 被映射[……]