Python：实现一个最简单的RestAPI

Posted on: 2021年10月12日 2021年10月12日
Categories: Python
Tags: API, fastapi, Python, rest, RestAPI

需要依赖一个Python模块：【fastapi】

Documentation: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com
Source Code: https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi

因为要使用异步网关接口（ASGI），因此需要依赖模块：【uvicorn】

首先，使用pip安装这两个模块包的依赖：

PS D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI> pip install fastapi
Collecting fastapi
  Using cached fastapi-0.70.0-py3-none-any.whl (51 kB)
Collecting starlette==0.16.0
  Downloading starlette-0.16.0-py3-none-any.whl (61 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 61 kB 19 kB/s
Collecting pydantic!=1.7,!=1.7.1,!=1.7.2,!=1.7.3,!=1.8,!=1.8.1,&lt;2.0.0,>=1.6.2
  Downloading pydantic-1.8.2-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl (1.9 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 1.9 MB 15 kB/s
Collecting anyio&lt;4,>=3.0.0
  Downloading anyio-3.3.3-py3-none-any.whl (78 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 78 kB 31 kB/s
Collecting sniffio>=1.1
  Downloading sniffio-1.2.0-py3-none-any.whl (10 kB)
Collecting idna>=2.8
  Downloading idna-3.2-py3-none-any.whl (59 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 59 kB 12 kB/s
Collecting typing-extensions>=3.7.4.3
  Downloading typing_extensions-3.10.0.2-py3-none-any.whl (26 kB)
Installing collected packages: sniffio, idna, typing-extensions, anyio, starlette, pydantic, fastapi
Successfully installed anyio-3.3.3 fastapi-0.70.0 idna-3.2 pydantic-1.8.2 sniffio-1.2.0 starlette-0.16.0 typing-extensions-3.10.0.2
WARNING: You are using pip version 21.1.2; however, version 21.3 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI\venv\Scripts\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
PS D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI>
PS D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI> pip install uvicorn
Collecting uvicorn
  Downloading uvicorn-0.15.0-py3-none-any.whl (54 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 54 kB 7.8 kB/s
Collecting asgiref>=3.4.0
  Using cached asgiref-3.4.1-py3-none-any.whl (25 kB)
Collecting click>=7.0
  Downloading click-8.0.3-py3-none-any.whl (97 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 97 kB 11 kB/s
Collecting h11>=0.8
  Downloading h11-0.12.0-py3-none-any.whl (54 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 54 kB 22 kB/s
Collecting colorama
  Downloading colorama-0.4.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (16 kB)
Installing collected packages: colorama, h11, click, asgiref, uvicorn
Successfully installed asgiref-3.4.1 click-8.0.3 colorama-0.4.4 h11-0.12.0 uvicorn-0.15.0
WARNING: You are using pip version 21.1.2; however, version 21.3 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI\venv\Scripts\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
PS D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI>

PS D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI> pip install fastapi

Collecting fastapi

Using cached fastapi-0.70.0-py3-none-any.whl (51 kB)

Collecting starlette==0.16.0

Downloading starlette-0.16.0-py3-none-any.whl (61 kB)

|████████████████████████████████| 61 kB 19 kB/s

Collecting pydantic!=1.7,!=1.7.1,!=1.7.2,!=1.7.3,!=1.8,!=1.8.1,<2.0.0,>=1.6.2

Downloading pydantic-1.8.2-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl (1.9 MB)

|████████████████████████████████| 1.9 MB 15 kB/s

Collecting anyio<4,>=3.0.0

Downloading anyio-3.3.3-py3-none-any.whl (78 kB)

|████████████████████████████████| 78 kB 31 kB/s

Collecting sniffio>=1.1

Downloading sniffio-1.2.0-py3-none-any.whl (10 kB)

Collecting idna>=2.8

Downloading idna-3.2-py3-none-any.whl (59 kB)

|████████████████████████████████| 59 kB 12 kB/s

Collecting typing-extensions>=3.7.4.3

Downloading typing_extensions-3.10.0.2-py3-none-any.whl (26 kB)

Installing collected packages: sniffio, idna, typing-extensions, anyio, starlette, pydantic, fastapi

Successfully installed anyio-3.3.3 fastapi-0.70.0 idna-3.2 pydantic-1.8.2 sniffio-1.2.0 starlette-0.16.0 typing-extensions-3.10.0.2

WARNING: You are using pip version 21.1.2; however, version 21.3 is available.

You should consider upgrading via the 'D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI\venv\Scripts\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

PS D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI>

PS D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI> pip install uvicorn

Collecting uvicorn

Downloading uvicorn-0.15.0-py3-none-any.whl (54 kB)

|████████████████████████████████| 54 kB 7.8 kB/s

Collecting asgiref>=3.4.0

Using cached asgiref-3.4.1-py3-none-any.whl (25 kB)

Collecting click>=7.0

Downloading click-8.0.3-py3-none-any.whl (97 kB)

|████████████████████████████████| 97 kB 11 kB/s

Collecting h11>=0.8

Downloading h11-0.12.0-py3-none-any.whl (54 kB)

|████████████████████████████████| 54 kB 22 kB/s

Collecting colorama

Downloading colorama-0.4.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (16 kB)

Installing collected packages: colorama, h11, click, asgiref, uvicorn

Successfully installed asgiref-3.4.1 click-8.0.3 colorama-0.4.4 h11-0.12.0 uvicorn-0.15.0

WARNING: You are using pip version 21.1.2; however, version 21.3 is available.

You should consider upgrading via the 'D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI\venv\Scripts\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

PS D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI>

代码：

from fastapi import FastAPI
import uvicorn

apps1 = FastAPI()

@apps1.get('/')
def read_root():
    return {'hello': 'world'}

@apps1.get('/items/{item_id}')
def read_item(item_id:int,q:str=None):
    return {'item_id': item_id, 'q': q}

if __name__ == '__main__':
    uvicorn.run(
        app=apps1,
        host='0.0.0.0',
        port=8090
    )

from fastapi import FastAPI

import uvicorn

apps1 = FastAPI()

@apps1.get('/')

def read_root():

return {'hello': 'world'}

@apps1.get('/items/{item_id}')

def read_item(item_id:int,q:str=None):

return {'item_id': item_id, 'q': q}

if __name__ == '__main__':

uvicorn.run(

app=apps1,

host='0.0.0.0',

port=8090

)

运行：

D:\adamhuan_data\pycharm_data\python_RestAPI\venv\Scripts\python.exe D:/adamhuan_data/pycharm_data/python_RestAPI/python_restapi.py
INFO:     Started server process [6568]
INFO:     Waiting for application startup.
INFO:     Application startup complete.
INFO:     Uvicorn running on http://0.0.0.0:8090 (Press CTRL+C to quit)