Install Docker on RHEL 6.5（EPEL）
本文简单的介绍如何在RHEL中部署Docker。
Docker是一个开源的应用容器引擎。它让开发者可以打包他们的应用以及应用的依赖包到一个可一直的容器中，以便后续发布到任何Linux的机器上。
关于Docker的介绍与相关资讯可以百度、谷歌，看到更多的相关信息。故，这里不赘述。
它的官方网站有两个：
https://www.docker.com/
https://www.docker.io/
官网提供了一个功能非常受限的字符交互终端，让你体验与理解Docker是什么。
地址：https://www.docker.com/tryit/
你可以开始一个Tutorial。
Docker官网提供的针对Red Hat Enterprise Linux的指导（URL：https://docs.docker.com/installation/rhel/）是基于EPEL项目的。
所以，你需要先配置好EPEL才可以继续。
EPEL：http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL
EPEL for RHEL6：http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/i386/repoview/epel-release.html
Download Link is：http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
Docker对于RHEL的版本要求为：6.5 or higher。
You will need RHEL 6.5 or higher, with a RHEL 6 kernel version 2.6.32-431 or higher as this has specific kernel fixes to allow Docker to work.
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[root@docker ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago) [root@docker ~]# [root@docker ~]# uname -a Linux docker 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Sun Nov 10 22:19:54 EST 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@docker ~]# |
操作系统的当前状态：
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[root@docker ~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost 192.168.56.135 docker [root@docker ~]# [root@docker software]# cat /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Wed Jul 23 14:21:31 2014 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=87898515-bef6-4b21-a5dc-12ec7b9b03d0 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=3a67facc-4596-4cd3-82a5-c6ce46e06ab5 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=7108feb5-7b06-4971-afe6-5af64455a59e swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/sr1 /iso iso9660 defaults 0 0 [root@docker software]# [root@docker software]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 18G 2.5G 15G 15% / tmpfs 935M 72K 935M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 291M 39M 238M 14% /boot /dev/sr1 3.6G 3.6G 0 100% /iso [root@docker software]# |
修改YUM本地缓存策略（默认关闭，修改为打开；即本地保留YUM从网路上下载的RPM包）
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[root@docker ~]# cat /etc/yum.conf [main] cachedir=/software/yum/$basearch/$releasever keepcache=1 debuglevel=2 logfile=/var/log/yum.log exactarch=1 obsoletes=1 gpgcheck=1 plugins=1 installonly_limit=3 # This is the default, if you make this bigger yum won't see if the metadata # is newer on the remote and so you'll "gain" the bandwidth of not having to # download the new metadata and "pay" for it by yum not having correct # information. # It is esp. important, to have correct metadata, for distributions like # Fedora which don't keep old packages around. If you don't like this checking # interupting your command line usage, it's much better to have something # manually check the metadata once an hour (yum-updatesd will do this). # metadata_expire=90m # PUT YOUR REPOS HERE OR IN separate files named file.repo # in /etc/yum.repos.d [root@docker ~]# |
（其中：cachedir为RPM本地缓存的路径；keepcache为是否保留：0-不保留、1-保留）
创建存放下载文件的目录：/software
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[root@docker ~]# mkdir /software [root@docker ~]# ll -d /software drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul 23 06:57 /software [root@docker ~]# ls -al /software/ total 8 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul 23 06:57 . dr-xr-xr-x. 23 root root 4096 Jul 23 06:57 .. [root@docker ~]# |
下载“EPEL for RHEL6”的软件包到“/software”
（Link：http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm）
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[root@docker ~]# cd /software [root@docker software]# ll total 0 [root@docker software]# wget http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm --2014-07-23 07:05:35-- http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm Resolving mirrors.yun-idc.com... 114.112.41.90 Connecting to mirrors.yun-idc.com|114.112.41.90|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 14540 (14K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] Saving to: “epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm” 100%[=============================================>] 14,540 --.-K/s in 0.1s 2014-07-23 07:05:36 (108 KB/s) - “epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm” saved [14540/14540] [root@docker software]# [root@docker software]# ll total 16 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14540 Nov 5 2012 epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm [root@docker software]# [root@docker software]# du -sh * 16K epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm [root@docker software]# |
安装EPEL
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[root@docker software]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/ total 4 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 529 Oct 30 2013 rhel-source.repo [root@docker software]# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm warning: epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:epel-release ########################################### [100%] [root@docker software]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/ total 12 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 957 Nov 4 2012 epel.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1056 Nov 4 2012 epel-testing.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 529 Oct 30 2013 rhel-source.repo [root@docker software]# |
配置本地ISO光盘的YUM源
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[root@docker software]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/iso.repo [ISO] name=ISO baseurl=file:///iso gpgcheck=0 [root@docker software]# |
初始化YUM库
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[root@docker software]# yum clean all Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. Cleaning repos: ISO epel Cleaning up Everything [root@docker software]# yum clean metadata Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. Cleaning repos: ISO epel 0 metadata files removed 0 sqlite files removed 0 metadata files removed [root@docker software]# [root@docker software]# yum repolist Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. ISO | 3.9 kB 00:00 ... ISO/primary_db | 3.1 MB 00:00 ... epel/metalink | 5.0 kB 00:00 epel | 4.4 kB 00:00 epel/primary_db | 6.2 MB 00:46 repo id repo name status ISO ISO 3,690 epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64 11,029 repolist: 14,719 [root@docker software]# |
Installation：Docker
docker相关的软件包是由EPEL提供的：
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[root@docker software]# yum list | grep --color docker This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. docker.x86_64 1.5-5.el6 epel docker-io.x86_64 1.0.0-6.el6 epel docker-registry.noarch 0.7.1-2.el6 epel fedora-dockerfiles.noarch 0-0.5.git122ef5d.el6 epel golang-github-fsouza-go-dockerclient-devel.i686 golang-github-fsouza-go-dockerclient-devel.x86_64 python-docker-py.x86_64 0.2.3-8.el6 epel python-docker-registry-core.noarch 1.0.6-2.el6 epel [root@docker software]# |
这里安装“docker-io”（docker-io与docker是冲突的，如果已经装过docker，那么需要先执行卸载的操作）
关于冲突，官方对此有说明：
If you already have the (unrelated) docker package installed, it will conflict with docker-io. There’s a bug report filed for it. To proceed with docker-io installation, please remove docker first.
The Bug Report URL：https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1043676
（本环境没有预安装docker；如果需要卸载：yum remove docker;）
安装：Docker。
Command is：yum install docker
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[root@docker software]# yum install docker-io Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package docker-io.x86_64 0:1.0.0-6.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: lxc for package: docker-io-1.0.0-6.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libcgroup for package: docker-io-1.0.0-6.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package libcgroup.x86_64 0:0.40.rc1-5.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb-core for package: libcgroup-0.40.rc1-5.el6.x86_64 ---> Package lxc.x86_64 0:0.9.0-2.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: liblxc.so.0()(64bit) for package: lxc-0.9.0-2.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package lxc-libs.x86_64 0:0.9.0-2.el6 will be installed ---> Package redhat-lsb-core.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl-Test-Simple for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl-Test-Harness for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl-CGI for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/pax for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/msgfmt for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: /bin/gettext for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package gettext.x86_64 0:0.17-16.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: cvs for package: gettext-0.17-16.el6.x86_64 ---> Package pax.x86_64 0:3.4-10.1.el6 will be installed ---> Package perl-CGI.x86_64 0:3.51-136.el6 will be installed ---> Package perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker.x86_64 0:6.55-136.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl-devel for package: perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker-6.55-136.el6.x86_64 ---> Package perl-Test-Harness.x86_64 0:3.17-136.el6 will be installed ---> Package perl-Test-Simple.x86_64 0:0.92-136.el6 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package cvs.x86_64 0:1.11.23-16.el6 will be installed ---> Package perl-devel.x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(ExtUtils::ParseXS) for package: 4:perl-devel-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: gdbm-devel for package: 4:perl-devel-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: db4-devel for package: 4:perl-devel-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package db4-devel.x86_64 0:4.7.25-18.el6_4 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: db4-cxx = 4.7.25-18.el6_4 for package: db4-devel-4.7.25-18.el6_4.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libdb_cxx-4.7.so()(64bit) for package: db4-devel-4.7.25-18.el6_4.x86_64 ---> Package gdbm-devel.x86_64 0:1.8.0-36.el6 will be installed ---> Package perl-ExtUtils-ParseXS.x86_64 1:2.2003.0-136.el6 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package db4-cxx.x86_64 0:4.7.25-18.el6_4 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ======================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================= Installing: docker-io x86_64 1.0.0-6.el6 epel 4.5 M Installing for dependencies: cvs x86_64 1.11.23-16.el6 ISO 712 k db4-cxx x86_64 4.7.25-18.el6_4 ISO 588 k db4-devel x86_64 4.7.25-18.el6_4 ISO 6.6 M gdbm-devel x86_64 1.8.0-36.el6 ISO 25 k gettext x86_64 0.17-16.el6 ISO 1.8 M libcgroup x86_64 0.40.rc1-5.el6 ISO 125 k lxc x86_64 0.9.0-2.el6 epel 78 k lxc-libs x86_64 0.9.0-2.el6 epel 116 k pax x86_64 3.4-10.1.el6 ISO 69 k perl-CGI x86_64 3.51-136.el6 ISO 209 k perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker x86_64 6.55-136.el6 ISO 293 k perl-ExtUtils-ParseXS x86_64 1:2.2003.0-136.el6 ISO 45 k perl-Test-Harness x86_64 3.17-136.el6 ISO 231 k perl-Test-Simple x86_64 0.92-136.el6 ISO 112 k perl-devel x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6 ISO 423 k redhat-lsb-core x86_64 4.0-7.el6 ISO 25 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================= Install 17 Package(s) Total download size: 16 M Installed size: 61 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (4/17): docker-io-1.0.0-6.el6.x86_64.rpm | 4.5 MB 00:44 (8/17): lxc-0.9.0-2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 78 kB 00:00 (9/17): lxc-libs-0.9.0-2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 116 kB 00:01 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 342 kB/s | 16 MB 00:47 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6 Importing GPG key 0x0608B895: Userid : EPEL (6) <epel@fedoraproject.org> Package: epel-release-6-8.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6 Is this ok [y/N]: y Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : lxc-libs-0.9.0-2.el6.x86_64 1/17 Installing : lxc-0.9.0-2.el6.x86_64 2/17 Installing : cvs-1.11.23-16.el6.x86_64 3/17 Installing : gettext-0.17-16.el6.x86_64 4/17 Installing : perl-CGI-3.51-136.el6.x86_64 5/17 Installing : pax-3.4-10.1.el6.x86_64 6/17 Installing : db4-cxx-4.7.25-18.el6_4.x86_64 7/17 Installing : db4-devel-4.7.25-18.el6_4.x86_64 8/17 Installing : gdbm-devel-1.8.0-36.el6.x86_64 9/17 Installing : perl-Test-Harness-3.17-136.el6.x86_64 10/17 Installing : perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker-6.55-136.el6.x86_64 11/17 Installing : 1:perl-ExtUtils-ParseXS-2.2003.0-136.el6.x86_64 12/17 Installing : 4:perl-devel-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64 13/17 Installing : perl-Test-Simple-0.92-136.el6.x86_64 14/17 Installing : redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.x86_64 15/17 Installing : libcgroup-0.40.rc1-5.el6.x86_64 16/17 Installing : docker-io-1.0.0-6.el6.x86_64 17/17 ISO/productid | 1.7 kB 00:00 ... Verifying : gdbm-devel-1.8.0-36.el6.x86_64 1/17 Verifying : db4-cxx-4.7.25-18.el6_4.x86_64 2/17 Verifying : 4:perl-devel-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64 3/17 Verifying : gettext-0.17-16.el6.x86_64 4/17 Verifying : lxc-0.9.0-2.el6.x86_64 5/17 Verifying : perl-Test-Harness-3.17-136.el6.x86_64 6/17 Verifying : pax-3.4-10.1.el6.x86_64 7/17 Verifying : perl-CGI-3.51-136.el6.x86_64 8/17 Verifying : redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.x86_64 9/17 Verifying : perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker-6.55-136.el6.x86_64 10/17 Verifying : libcgroup-0.40.rc1-5.el6.x86_64 11/17 Verifying : docker-io-1.0.0-6.el6.x86_64 12/17 Verifying : perl-Test-Simple-0.92-136.el6.x86_64 13/17 Verifying : 1:perl-ExtUtils-ParseXS-2.2003.0-136.el6.x86_64 14/17 Verifying : db4-devel-4.7.25-18.el6_4.x86_64 15/17 Verifying : cvs-1.11.23-16.el6.x86_64 16/17 Verifying : lxc-libs-0.9.0-2.el6.x86_64 17/17 Installed: docker-io.x86_64 0:1.0.0-6.el6 Dependency Installed: cvs.x86_64 0:1.11.23-16.el6 db4-cxx.x86_64 0:4.7.25-18.el6_4 db4-devel.x86_64 0:4.7.25-18.el6_4 gdbm-devel.x86_64 0:1.8.0-36.el6 gettext.x86_64 0:0.17-16.el6 libcgroup.x86_64 0:0.40.rc1-5.el6 lxc.x86_64 0:0.9.0-2.el6 lxc-libs.x86_64 0:0.9.0-2.el6 pax.x86_64 0:3.4-10.1.el6 perl-CGI.x86_64 0:3.51-136.el6 perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker.x86_64 0:6.55-136.el6 perl-ExtUtils-ParseXS.x86_64 1:2.2003.0-136.el6 perl-Test-Harness.x86_64 0:3.17-136.el6 perl-Test-Simple.x86_64 0:0.92-136.el6 perl-devel.x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6 redhat-lsb-core.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6 Complete! [root@docker software]# |
（如果你已经装过docker-io，只是版本太老，那么可以选择升级：yum update docker-io）
安装成功后的状态
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[root@docker ~]# rpm -qa | grep docker docker-io-1.0.0-6.el6.x86_64 [root@docker ~]# rpm -ql docker-io /etc/bash_completion.d /etc/bash_completion.d/docker.bash /etc/rc.d/init.d/docker /etc/sysconfig/docker /etc/udev/rules.d /etc/udev/rules.d/80-docker.rules /usr/bin/docker /usr/libexec/docker /usr/libexec/docker/dockerinit /usr/share/doc/docker-io-1.0.0 /usr/share/doc/docker-io-1.0.0/AUTHORS /usr/share/doc/docker-io-1.0.0/CHANGELOG.md /usr/share/doc/docker-io-1.0.0/CONTRIBUTING.md /usr/share/doc/docker-io-1.0.0/FIXME /usr/share/doc/docker-io-1.0.0/LICENSE /usr/share/doc/docker-io-1.0.0/LICENSE-vim-syntax /usr/share/doc/docker-io-1.0.0/MAINTAINERS /usr/share/doc/docker-io-1.0.0/NOTICE /usr/share/doc/docker-io-1.0.0/README-vim-syntax.md /usr/share/doc/docker-io-1.0.0/README.md /usr/share/man/man1/docker-attach.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-build.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-commit.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-cp.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-diff.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-events.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-export.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-history.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-images.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-import.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-info.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-inspect.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-kill.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-load.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-login.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-logs.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-port.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-ps.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-pull.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-push.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-restart.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-rm.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-rmi.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-run.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-save.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-search.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-start.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-stop.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-tag.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-top.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker-wait.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/docker.1.gz /usr/share/man/man5/Dockerfile.5.gz /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/doc /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/doc/dockerfile.txt /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/ftdetect /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/ftdetect/dockerfile.vim /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/syntax /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/syntax/dockerfile.vim /usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_docker /var/lib/docker [root@docker ~]# |
启动Docker服务，并设置开机启动。
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[root@docker ~]# service docker status docker is stopped [root@docker ~]# [root@docker ~]# service docker start Starting cgconfig service: [ OK ] Starting docker: [ OK ] [root@docker ~]# chkconfig --list docker docker 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [root@docker ~]# chkconfig docker off [root@docker ~]# chkconfig --list docker docker 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off [root@docker ~]# [root@docker ~]# |
查看运行状态：
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[root@docker ~]# service docker status docker (pid 24791) is running... [root@docker ~]# [root@docker ~]# ps -ef | grep docker root 24791 1 0 07:24 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/bin/docker -d root 24928 2375 0 07:26 pts/0 00:00:00 grep docker [root@docker ~]# |
本地缓存的RPM包：
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[root@docker ~]# cd /software/ [root@docker software]# ls epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm yum [root@docker software]# tree yum/ yum/ └── x86_64 └── 6Server ├── epel │ ├── 21cfd0e047de02ef00cb08c7bf38be49716cc0527d8bf52c3fa94621486e43e4-primary.sqlite │ ├── cachecookie │ ├── metalink.xml │ ├── packages │ │ ├── docker-io-1.0.0-6.el6.x86_64.rpm │ │ ├── lxc-0.9.0-2.el6.x86_64.rpm │ │ └── lxc-libs-0.9.0-2.el6.x86_64.rpm │ └── repomd.xml └── ISO ├── 73f064f26711880e0087a719eb9c5ab413278449d91b085c70bc44e3ee67c5c5-primary.sqlite ├── cachecookie ├── packages ├── productid.gz └── repomd.xml 6 directories, 11 files [root@docker software]# |
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